Commonly known as a life jacket, a personal flotation device or ‘PFD’ has always been essential for water-related sports and activities. However, recent changes to industry regulations have now been introduced to limit the use of inflatable PFDs in favour of other options.
Recent updates to PFD regulations in Australia, especially for outrigger canoeing and dragon boating, have introduced new requirements that affect how paddlers stay safe. Introduced by the Australian Outrigger Canoe Racing Association (AOCRA) and the Australian Dragon Boat Federation (AUSDBF), these changes are designed to improve safety and address past issues with certain types of PFDs.
In this blog, we’ll first explore the recent changes in PFD regulations and provide some advice on how you can stay safe on the water!
Recent Changes to PFD Requirements for Outrigger Canoes
Under new AOCRA regulations, inflatable lifejackets are no longer acceptable as PFDs when paddling. AOCRA now mandates that each canoe (whether used for training or racing) has a ratio of one appropriate PFD per paddler.
The current Australian Standard (AS 4758) specifies the buoyancy classifications required for PFDs, which are divided into four main categories:
- Level 150: Similar to inflatable PFD Type 1 and suitable for offshore use.
- Level 100: Comparable to PFD Type 1 and the minimum requirement for offshore use.
- Level 50: Similar to PFD Type 2, commonly used in enclosed waters.
- Level 50S: Special Purpose PFD, replacing the previous Type 3 PFD.
Types of PFD’s suitable for use include Vaikobi’s V3, VX, VXP and Ultra’s Gorge and Rewa.
PFD Standards
The standard of PFD required can vary depending on the paddling location and the associated risks, such as open ocean versus enclosed waters. Additionally, PFDs must be easily accessible on the canoe.
In some states or territories, maritime regulations require paddlers to wear their PFDs, while in others, it is sufficient to have the PFD on board. For example, some states require the PFD to be stowed on the fore or aft deck of the craft. However, AOCRA has now recommended that every paddler wear their PFDs at all times for maximum safety.
In specific sprint events at venues like the Penrith International Regatta Centre or Lake Kawana, clubs can apply for exemptions from carrying PFDs, but this request must be made to AOCRA before a regatta invitation is issued.
Additionally, OC6 canoes must carry a minimum of two bailing devices (e.g., buckets or similar tools) to remove water from the canoe. For V1/V3 canoes, at least one bailing device is required.
Safety Requirements for Canoes in Low Light Conditions
When paddling in low light conditions, it is mandatory for canoes to carry an appropriate signalling device that meets the requirements of the state maritime authority. This rule is in place to ensure that paddlers are visible and can signal for help if needed.
For OC1 and OC2 canoes, the safety requirements are even more stringent. These canoes must carry:
- A leg rope or leash, which must be attached to both the canoe and the paddler. This is essential for ensuring the paddler doesn’t become separated from their canoe in the event of a capsize.
- A mobile phone for communication in case of emergencies.
- A PFD, which is mandatory in all conditions, with some states requiring the paddler to wear it at all times.
Dragon Boat Paddling PFD Requirements
As NSW transitions to adopting the AusDBF National Sweep Accreditation Scheme a number of changes will affect new and current sweeps.
- From 1 July 2023 all sweeps will be required to wear a PFD during training. This is mandatory regardless of whether or not the individual is able to swim 50m fully clothed.
- Sweeps must only wear a PFD during regattas held in NSW if water safety boats are not present. Different rules may apply in other states.
During regattas in NSW, sweeps must wear a PFD only if there are no water safety boats present. However, different rules may apply in other states, and it is essential for participants to check the specific requirements in their respective location.
How to Choose the Right PFD for Paddling
With these new regulations in place, selecting the right PFD has become even more important. With that in mind, here’s a quick guide on how to choose the best one for your paddling needs.
1. Understand the PFD Levels
First things first, let's break down the difference between a standard and an inflatable PFD:
The majority of PFD’s on the market are standard and non-inflatable. A standard PFD is one you’ll commonly see most recreational and fishing kayakers wearing. These are typically foam filled and don't need inflating.
Another step for selecting the right PFD is understanding the buoyancy levels outlined by Australian Standard AS4758. Each level corresponds to different water conditions and safety requirements:
- Level 150: Ideal for offshore paddling, where the risk of being far from shore or in rough seas is higher. These PFDs offer the most buoyancy and are designed to turn an unconscious person face-up in the water. They are bulkier, but essential for ocean paddling.
- Level 100: These PFDs are also suitable for offshore use, but are slightly less buoyant than Level 150. They are typically used for less extreme offshore conditions but still offer reliable support.
- Level 50: Commonly used for activities in enclosed waters, such as lakes, rivers, and harbours. These PFDs are lighter and allow for more freedom of movement, making them a good option for recreational paddlers or those not venturing far from the shore.
- Level 50S: These are Special Purpose PFDs, designed for specific water sports where freedom of movement is crucial. They’re ideal for sports like kayaking, where paddlers need to manoeuvre easily.
2. Fit and Comfort
A PFD is only effective if it fits well–otherwise it may slip off when a capsize occurs!
So, as you try on each specific model, make sure it is snug but not restrictive. You should be able to move your arms freely without the PFD riding up or shifting out of place. Most will come with adjustable straps that allow you to customise the fit to your body shape and preferred comfort level.
Comfort is always important, but particularly so for longer paddling sessions and expedition kayaking. Look for a PFD that has mesh panels or ventilation to keep you cool, as well as padded shoulder straps for added comfort.
Ultra Rewa Womens L50S PFD
3. Activity-Specific Design
Different types of PFDs are designed with specific activities in mind. For example:
- Canoeing and kayaking PFDs often have large armholes to allow for greater range of motion while paddling. They may also have additional pockets for storing essential items like a whistle, map, or snacks.
- Inflatable PFDs, while not acceptable under AOCRA & AUDDBF rules for paddling, are still a good option for other boating activities where paddlers need less bulk and more flexibility. However, it’s important to remember to regularly check the CO2 canister to ensure it hasn’t expired.
- Sailing PFDs may include features like a harness attachment or crotch straps for extra security in rough conditions.
4. Visibility
In the event of an emergency, visibility is key to being rescued quickly. Look for PFDs in bright colours like red, yellow, or orange. Many PFDs also come with reflective strips that make it easier for rescuers to spot you in low light conditions.
5. Additional Features
Modern PFDs come with a variety of additional features that can make them more versatile and useful on the water. Some PFDs have built-in hydration pouches, while others have extra storage pockets for gear. Consider what features are most important for your paddling needs. For example:
- Pockets can be useful for storing small safety items like a whistle or flare.
- Rescue handles or attachment points may be useful if you’re paddling in a group and want to stay connected in rough conditions.
Be sure to check our recent article on ‘Choosing a PFD’ for further info and advice!
Stay Safe with PaddleZone
Whether you’re paddling a dragon boat, an outrigger canoe or a recreational kayak, it's always important to stay safe! At PaddleZone, we supply a great range of approved PFDs from trusted brands and manufacturers.
In addition, we’ve also got everything from general safety equipment to kayak accessories, clothing, paddles, and much more. Stay safe and paddle on!
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